what word have to period question mark exclamation mark
What Are the 14 Punctuation Marks in English language Grammar?
In that location are 14 punctuation marks that are commonly used in English grammar. They are the period, question marking, exclamation point, comma, semicolon, colon, dash, hyphen, parentheses, brackets, braces, apostrophe, quotation marks, and ellipsis. Following their right usage volition make your writing easier to read and more than appealing.
Sentence Endings
Three of the fourteen punctuation marks are appropriate for utilize equally sentence endings. They are the period, question marking, and exclamation signal.
The menstruum (.) is placed at the end of declarative sentences, statements idea to be complete and after many abbreviations.
- As a sentence ender: Jane and Jack went to the market place.
- Afterward an abbreviation: Her son, John Jones Jr., was born on Dec. vi, 2008.
Use a question mark (?) to indicate a direct question when placed at the cease of a sentence.
- When did Jane leave for the market place?
The exclamation betoken (!) is used when a person wants to express a sudden outcry or add together emphasis.
- Within dialogue: "Holy cow!" screamed Jane.
- To emphasize a signal: My mother-in-police's rants make me furious!
Comma, Semicolon, and Colon
The comma, semicolon, and colon are ofttimes misused considering they all tin signal a pause in a series.
The comma is used to prove a separation of ideas or elements within the structure of a sentence. Additionally, information technology is used in numbers, dates, and alphabetic character writing subsequently the salutation and closing.
- Direct address: Thank you for all your assistance, John.
- Separation of two complete sentences: We went to the movies, and then we went out to luncheon.
- Separating lists or elements within sentences: Suzi wanted the black, green, and blueish dress.
Whether to add together a final comma before the conjunction in a listing is a affair of debate. This final comma, known as an Oxford or serial comma, is useful in a complex series of elements or phrases but is often considered unnecessary in a simple series such as in the example in a higher place. Information technology usually comes downwardly to a manner choice by the writer.
The semicolon (;) is used to connect contained clauses. Information technology shows a closer relationship between the clauses than a period would show.
- John was hurt; he knew she just said it to upset him.
A colon (:) has iii chief uses. The first is after a word introducing a quotation, an caption, an example, or a series.
- He was planning to study 4 subjects: politics, philosophy, folklore, and economics.
The 2d is betwixt independent clauses when the second explains the first, like to a semicolon:
- I didn't have time to become changed: I was already late.
The third use of a colon is for emphasis:
- There was one thing she loved more than any other: her dog.
A colon besides has non-grammatical uses in time, ratio, business correspondence and references.
Nuance and the Hyphen
Two other common punctuation marks are the nuance and hyphen. These marks are often confused with each other due to their advent but they are very dissimilar.
A nuance is used to separate words into statements. There are two common types of dashes: en dash and em dash.
- En dash: Twice equally long as a hyphen, the en nuance is a symbol (–) that is used in writing or printing to signal a range, connections or differentiations, such as 1880-1945 or Princeton-New York trains.
- Em nuance: Longer than the en nuance, the em dash can exist used in place of a comma, parenthesis, or colon to heighten readability or emphasize the conclusion of a sentence. For instance, She gave him her answer — No!
Whether you put spaces around the em nuance or not is a style option. Simply be consistent.
A hyphen is used to join 2 or more words together into a compound term and is not separated by spaces. For example, part-time, back-to-back, well-known.
Brackets, Braces, and Parentheses
Brackets, braces, and parentheses are symbols used to contain words that are a farther explanation or are considered a group.
Brackets are the squared off notations ([]) used for technical explanations or to clarify meaning. If you remove the information in the brackets, the sentence will however make sense.
- He [Mr. Jones] was the last person seen at the house.
Braces ({}) are used to contain ii or more than lines of text or listed items to testify that they are considered as a unit. They are not commonplace in nearly writing but tin can be seen in computer programming to show what should be independent within the same lines. They can also be used in mathematical expressions. For instance, 2{i+[23-3]}=10.
Parentheses ( () ) are curved notations used to contain farther thoughts or qualifying remarks. However, parentheses can exist replaced by commas without changing the meaning in most cases.
- John and Jane (who were really one-half brother and sister) both have carmine hair.
Apostrophe, Quotation Marks and Ellipsis
The final 3 punctuation forms in English grammer are the apostrophe, quotation marks, and ellipsis. Unlike previously mentioned grammatical marks, they are not related to one another in any form.
An apostrophe (') is used to signal the omission of a alphabetic character or letters from a discussion, the possessive case, or the plurals of lowercase letters. Examples of the apostrophe in utilize include:
- Omission of letters from a word: I've seen that film several times. She wasn't the simply one who knew the answer.
- Possessive instance: Sara's canis familiaris bit the neighbour.
- Plural for lowercase letters: Six people were told to mind their p's and q's.
It should be noted that, according to Purdue University, some teachers and editors enlarge the scope of the use of apostrophes, and prefer their employ on symbols (&'s), numbers (7'southward) and capitalized letters (Q&A'due south), fifty-fifty though they are non necessary.
Quotations marks (" ") are a pair of punctuation marks used primarily to mark the beginning and finish of a passage attributed to another and repeated word for word. They are also used to indicate meanings and to indicate the unusual or dubious status of a word.
- "Don't go outside," she said.
Single quotation marks (' ') are used most often for quotes within quotes.
- Marie told the teacher, "I saw Marc at the playground, and he said to me 'Bill started the fight,' and I believed him."
The ellipsis is near ordinarily represented by three periods (. . . ) although it is occasionally demonstrated with three asterisks (***). The ellipsis is used in writing or press to indicate an omission, especially of letters or words. Ellipses are frequently used within quotations to leap from 1 phrase to another, omitting unnecessary words that practise not interfere with the meaning. Students writing research papers or newspapers quoting parts of speeches will oftentimes employ ellipsis to avoid copying lengthy text that is non needed.
- Omission of words: She began to count, "One, 2, iii, four…" until she got to x, then went to observe him.
- Within a quotation: When Newton stated, "An object at rest stays at rest and an object in motion stays in movement..." he developed the law of motion.
British vs. American English language
There are a few differences betwixt punctuation in British and American English. The following charts details some of those differences:
| British English language | American English | |
| The " . " symbol is called | A full stop | a period |
| The " ! " symbol is called | an exclamation marker | an exclamation bespeak |
| The " ( ) " symbols are called | brackets | parentheses |
| The " [ ] " symbols are chosen | foursquare brackets | brackets |
| The position of quotation marks | Joy means "happiness". | Joy means "happiness." |
| The punctuation for abbreviations | Dr, Mr, Mrs, St, Rd, Ct | Dr., Mr., Mrs., St., Rd., Ct. |
Make your writing clear
Becoming familiar with the basic punctuation marks in the English language will allow you to limited yourself improve in your writing. Punctuation marks will also make your sentences clearer and more than understandable to the reader.
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Source: https://grammar.yourdictionary.com/punctuation/what/fourteen-punctuation-marks.html
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